Definition of Full Employment

Full Employment

The level of employment corresponding to the natural rate of unemployment.

Full-Employment Output

The level of output produced by the economy when operating at the natural rate of unemployment.

Fine-Tuning

An attempt to maintain the economy at or near full employment by frequent changes in policy.

Output Gap

The difference between full employment output and current output.

Full faith-and-credit obligations

The security pledges for larger municipal bond issuers, such as states and
large cities which have diverse funding sources.

Full coupon bond

A bond with a coupon equal to the going market rate, thereby, the bond is selling at par.

Full price

Also called dirty price, the price of a bond including accrued interest. Related: flat price.

Full-payout lease

See: financial lease.

Full-service lease

Also called rental lease. Lease in which the lessor promises to maintain and insure the
equipment leased.

Fully diluted earnings per shares

Earnings per share expressed as if all outstanding convertible securities
and warrants have been exercised.

Fully modified pass-throughs

Agency pass-throughs that guarantee the timely payment of both interest and
principal. Related: modified pass-throughs
Functional currency As defined by FASB No. 52, an affiliate's functional currency is the currency of the
primary economic environment in which the affiliate generates and expends cash.

Unemployment rate

The ratio of the number of people classified as unemployed to the total labor force.

Full cost

The cost of a product/service that includes an allocation of all the (production and
non-production) costs of the business.

full costing

see absorption costing

Cyclical Unemployment

Unemployment that increases when the economy enters a recession and decreases when the economy enters a boom.

Frictional Unemployment

Unemployment associated with people changing jobs or quitting to search for new jobs.

Institutionally Induced Unemployment

Unemployment due to institutional phenomena such as the degree of labor force unionization, the level of discrimination, and government policies such as unemployment insurance programs, minimum wages, or regulations on business.

Natural Rate of Unemployment (NRU)

The level of unemployment characterizing the economy in long-run equilibrium, determined by the levels of frictional, structural, and institutionally induced unemployment. At this rate of unemployment, inflation should be constant, so it is sometimes called the nonaccelerating inflation rate of unemployment, or NAIRU.

Structural Unemployment

Unemployment due to a mismatch between the skills or location of labor and the skills or location required by firms.

Unemployment Insurance

A program in which workers and firms pay contributions and workers collect benefits if they become unemployed.

Unemployment rate

Fraction of the labor force that is not employed.

Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA)

A federal Act requiring employers to pay a tax on the wages paid to their employees, which is then used to create a
pool of funds to be used for unemployment benefits.

Self-Employment Contributions Act (SECA)

A federal Act requiring self-employed business owners to pay the same total tax rates for Social Security and
Medicare taxes that are split between employees and employers under the Federal Insurance Contributions Act.

Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994

A federal act that minimizes the impact on people serving in the Armed Forces
when they return to civilian employment by avoiding discrimination and increasing
their employment opportunities.

Full-Cost Method

A method of accounting for petroleum exploration and development expenditures
that permits capitalization of all such expenditures, including those leading to productive
as well as nonproductive wells.

Full Credit Period

The period of trade credit given by a supplier to its customer.

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